- Charging process: When charging a lithium battery, under the action of an external power source, lithium ions are released from the positive electrode material, migrate to the negative electrode material through the electrolyte, and are embedded in the lattice structure of the negative electrode. At the same time, electrons flow from the external circuit to the negative electrode, making the negative electrode in a lithium-rich state.
- Discharge process: During discharge, lithium ions are released from the negative electrode material, return to the positive electrode material through the electrolyte, and are re-embedded in the lattice structure of the positive electrode. At the same time, electrons flow from the negative electrode to the positive electrode through the external circuit, thereby forming a current in the external circuit to power the load.
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